The deadly Marburg virus, known for its high fatality rate and severe symptoms, has resurfaced in African nations like Rwanda and Tanzania, leading to multiple deaths. Often referred to as the “bleeding eyes virus,” it is highly contagious and can cause fatal complications. Recent outbreaks have claimed the lives of around 15 people in these countries. A hallmark symptom of the disease is bleeding from the eyes and nose, which occurs due to damage to blood vessels and organ failure. With a fatality rate ranging from 24% to 88%, the Marburg virus is considered more dangerous than its relative, the Ebola virus. Symptoms include fever, severe headaches, and muscle pain, followed by abdominal discomfort, vomiting, and dysentery within days of infection.
Symptoms typically appear 2–21 days after exposure. By the third day, patients may exhibit severe lethargy, rapid weight loss, and a hollow-eyed appearance. Bleeding starts between the fifth and seventh days, accompanied by bloody stools, vomiting, and confusion. By the ninth day, the disease often progresses to fatal stages, with some patients experiencing swollen testicles.
The Marburg virus originates from fruit bats and spreads to humans through direct contact with infected blood or bodily fluids. Human-to-human transmission is common, making outbreaks difficult to contain. While diagnostic tests like RT-PCR and ELISA are available, there are no vaccines or antiviral treatments for the virus, highlighting the urgent need for awareness and preventive measures.
